一、英语巧克力中的量词
以形状表示个数的量词：a bar of chocolate一块巧克力
二、英语量词搭配
在英语里其实没有量词这一词类，在汉语里所说的一头牛，一匹马，一枝笔，一本书在英语里并没有区别：
a cow, a horse, a pen, a book，都是冠词后面加上可数名词。
在汉语里有许多简单的物品，在英语里则需要成双成对的表达：
a pair of glasses (scissors, spectacles, trousers, pants, pliers)(一副眼镜，一把剪刀，一副眼镜，一条裤子，一条裤子，一把剪钳)等。
英语的 ... of ... 结构既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词，如：a piece of paper, a piece of information, an article of clothes(一张纸，一条消息，一件衣物)。
汉语里的表示度量衡的量词在英语里可以找到相应的表达结构，即 ... of ...。
比如：a cup of water, a packet of cigarettes, a basket of vegetables(一杯水，一盒香烟，一篮子蔬菜)。
最有意思的就是英语关于各种动物群体的称呼了，各不相同。如：
an army of elephants(一群大象); a pack / throng of wolves(一群狼); a batch of dogs(一群狗);
a brood of chicks(一群小鸡); a hive of bees(一群蜜蜂); a host of monkeys(一群猴子);
a school of fish(一群鱼); a swarm of locusts(一群蝗虫);
a team / field of horses(一群马); a gang of elks(一群驼鹿)等等。
汉语中的形象量词在英语里也能找到对应，如：
a head of garlic(一头蒜); a drop of water(一滴水); a flood of moonlight(一片月光);
a wisp of smoke(一缕烟); a pane of glass(一块玻璃); a layer of rock(一层岩石);
a cloud of smoke(一团烟雾); a beam of light(一束光线); a blade of grass(一片草叶);
a block of wood(一块木头); a cube of sugar(一块方糖); a roll of newspaper(一卷报纸);
a cone of icecream(一个蛋卷冰淇淋); a bar of chocolate(一块巧克力); a stack of hay(一堆乾草);
a loaf of bread(一个面包); a grain of rice(一粒米); a cake of soap(一块肥皂);
a dash of salt(一撮盐); a coil of wire(一卷电线); a ball of wool(一个毛线球)。
许多形象量词，不仅说明了数量，还有动态和修辞的含意，比如：
a glimmer of hope(一线希望); a burst of laughter(一阵笑声); a gust of wind(一股风);
a web of railroad(铁路网), a train of thoughts(一连串的想法)等等。
英语和汉语关于表示数量的词的用法还有一点不同。
汉语说一杯好茶，在英语里则是一好杯茶：a nice cup of tea。
类似的例子还有：a thin coat of ice(一层薄冰), a stagnant pool of water(一潭死水), a beautiful stretch of field(一片美丽的原野)等等。
三、英语量词用法
a little,后跟不可数名词，意思是一些
a few,后跟可数名词复数，意思是一些
little,后跟不可数名词，意思是几乎没有，很少
few，后跟可数名词复数，意思是几乎没有，很少
few, a few, little, a little
虽然都表示“少”，但
（1）few, a few是可数的, little, a little是不可数的。
（2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。这里所谓的“肯定意味”和“否定意味”应该这样来理解：同样是半杯水，口渴者会认为：There is little water in the glass. 而不口渴的人则会认为：There is a little water in the glass.
一：
1．few修饰可数名词复数。
2．few (= not many; hardly any)含否定意义；a few (= some; several; a small
number of) 含肯定意义。
3． not a few = no few = quite a few = a good few = many。
4． 当 few受 every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：
In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again.
It took us some few days to repair the machine.
They are very few in number.
There were too few of them.
He goes to see his grandma every few weeks.
5． 在非正式文体中很少见，一般用或代替，如：
Only a few people attended the meeting.
另外，little / a little
Little remains to be done about it. (作主语)
A little remains to be done.
Please give me a little. (作宾语)
He knows a little of everything.
There is very / but little time left. (作定语)
Don’t worry; you still have a little time.
1． little修饰不可数名词，表示“量”。
2． little含否定意义(反义词：much)；a little含肯定意义(反义词：none)。
3． 在非正式英语中，一般很少用little，常用not much, only a little来代替，如：
We haven’t got much money / time.